Ammonia

ammonium hydroxide (NH3) PROPERTIES         This is a colourless, overpowering gas. A saturated aqueous proceeds of ammonia water piss contains 45 percentage ammonia by charge at 0° C and 30 percent at ordinary dwell temperatures. On re beginning in water, ammonia becomes ammonium ion hydroxide, NH4OH, which is strongly basic and similar in chemical behavior to the hydroxides of the floor metals. ammonium hydroxide melts at - 77.7°C, b rock oils at -33.35°C, and has a density of 0.68 at its turn point and 1 cash dispenser of pressure.          ammonium hydroxide is highly disintegrable in water and forms a solution k todayn as ammonium hydroxide. Ammonia is non rattling reactive when dry, but it reacts with umteen an opposite(prenominal) chemicals when dissolved in water. ammonium hydroxide pay offs acids and forms the corresponding ammonium salts. For example, hydrochloric acid added to ammonium hydroxide produces a solution of ammonium chloride. When combined with about metals, ammonium hydroxide forms complex compounds called ammines. For example, the do-gooder of ammonium hydroxide to a pale blue solution of cupric sulfate produces a deep blue solution of cupric ammine sulfate. narration         Ammonia has been around for along snip at a time geological geological dating back to the ancients. They had derived the name and the contentedness from sal ammoniac (a mineral that is nonp beil of the nigh common and most well known of the ammonium-bearing minerals). The ammonia was produced at the Temple of Jupiter Ammon in Libya by the distillation of camel dung. During the rawness Ages in Europe ammonia was obtained by heating the horns and hoofs of cattle and was called spirits of hartshorn. USES         Ammonia is astray utilise as a fertilizer. Ammonium nitrate and otherwise ammonium salts help to ontogeny crop return because they view a high office of nitrogen. In some agriculture aras, anhydrous ammonia is now applied directly to the palm from large tanks that contain the matte gas.         Large quantities of ammonia are oxidized to make nitric acid, which is needed to make such(prenominal) explosives as TNT, nitroglycerin, and ammonium nitrate. The fabric manufacturing uses ammonia in the production of synthetic fibers such as nylon and cup ammonium rayon.

Ammonia is also used in dyeing and scouring cotton, wool, and other fibers. Ammonia water sometimes serves as a alter fluid and squirt be used to restore fabrics that nurse been stained by acids.         Ammonia is also vital in the manufacture of many chemicals, plastics, vitamins, and drugs. For example, it acts as a catalyst in make plastics such as Bakelite, and it is used as a reactant in making cyanuramide resins for plastics. ANTIDOTE         The common counterpoison to ammonia tipsiness are drugs or other remedies that would obstruct the effect of poisons. It may neutralize the poison chemically, as bicarbonate taken as an antidote for acid; it may have the poison water-insoluble and therefore harmless, as Epsom salt as an antidote for come before; it may absorb the poison, as charcoal-gray as an antidote for alkaloids; or it may cost the stomach, as olive oil as an antidote for ammonia poisoning. If you emergency to get a entire essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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